Commentary
Luther's Works : Volume 18 - Lectures on The Minor Prophets Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Micah, Nahum, Zephaniah, Haggai, Malachi
Overview: All of the manuscripts available are student notebook versions, and some of them apparently are even conflactions of several such student records. For our limited space we have decided to translate only one of the sources in its entirety, the so-called Altenburg manuscript, and to supply what this lacks from a Zwickau manuscript (Hosea) and from a Wittenberg manuscript (Malachi) in order to present a complete set. The lectures on the minor prophets occupied Luther's lecture time at the university for about two years, March 1524 to early spring 1526. These were years of many decisions of Luther's career and life, years in which he knew that the whole Reformation movement was in the balance as he himself was assailed from all sides and charged with being the cause of whatever displeased anyone. But as responsibilities, anxieties, enmities, and threats increased, Luther's confidence in the message of Scripture also rose to meet every test. His studies in the Word as well as the resulting lectures on the Word were a haven of refuge where he found the solace and refreshment needed to carry on and to reach the decisions required. The confidence developing from independent study of Scripture led to a noticeably higher level of maturity in Luther's approach to the Biblical text. Independent conclusions on the basis of expanded studies of the Hebrew and Greek texts enabled Luther to disavow the weakness of traditional versions and explanations and to pursue that steadfast view toward the New Testament which he had already adopted so clearly in his sermonic commentary on 2 Peter 1: 19 in 1523: "A prophet must really be one who preaches about Jesus Christ. Therefore althought many prophets in the Old Testament foretold future things, they really came, and were sent by God, to proclaim the Christ."
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