Academic
Globalized Islam : The Search for a new Ummah
Outline: Recent events in London, Madrid, and elsewhere all dramatically point to the growing presence of militant Islam in the West. In this timely and incisive analysis, Olivier Roy argues that the revival of Islam among Muslim populations over the last twenty years has been incorrectly perceived as a backlash against Westernization. Islam fundamentalism is not a single-note reaction against the West but a product and an agent of the complex forces of globalization. Roy reveals how globalization and the experience of living as a minority in the West have reshapped Muslim's relationship to Islam. Exploring the movement of Islam beyond traditional borders, Olivier Roy suggests that "re-Islamization" results from the efforts of Muslims to assert their identity in a non-Muslim context. Neofundamentalism has been gaining ground among a rootless Muslim youth and this phenomenon is feeding new forms of radicalism, ranging from support for Al Qaeda to the rejection of integration into Western society. A schism has emerged between mainstream Islamist movements in the Muslim world and the uprooted militants who strive to establish an imaginary ummah, or Muslim community, not embedded in any particular society or territory. Roy shows how neofundamentalism acknowledges without nostalia the loss of pristine cultures, constructing instead a universal religious identity that transcends the very notion of culture.
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