Commentary
Apollos Old Testament Commentary : Haggai, Zechariah & Malachi
Outline: The Bible is both a divine and a human book. It is the inspired word of God for his people. whether in biblical times or for the church today. It is also a fully human book, written by different people in a variety of cultural settings. Knowledge of biblical language and society is essential if the meaning of the human writer is to be grasped fully. The Apollos Old Testament Commentary aims to take with equal seriousness the divine and human aspects of Scripture. It expounds the books of the Old Testament is a scholarly manner accessible to non-experts, and shows the relevance of the Old Testament to modern readers. Written by an international team of scholars, the commentaries are intended primarily to serve the needs of those who preach from the Old Testament. They are equally suitable for use by scholars and all serious students of the Bible. Each commentary begins with an Introduction, which gives an overview of the issues of date, authorship, sources and so on, but which also outlines more fully than usual the theology of the book, and provides pointers towards its interpretation and contemporary application. The annotated Translation of the Hebrew text by the author forms the basis of the subsequent commentary. The Form and Structure section examines the context of the passage, its use of rhetorical devices, and source and form-critical issues. The Comment section is a thorough, detailed exegesis of the historical and theological meaning of the passage. The Explanation - the goal of the commentary - offers a full exposition of the theological message within the framework of biblical theology, and a commitment to the inspiration and authority of the Old Testament.
The post-exilic prophetic books of Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi are set in times of great adversity. God's people are minnows in the vast Persian Empire, and the promises of the earlier prophets for a glorious restoration of Jerusalem seem far from their experience. These books, from beginning to end, restate God's intention to establish his glorious kingdom, and explain what htis means for the lives of his people. For Haggai and Zechariah, the immediate challenge was to rebuild the temple in view of God's return. For Malachi, the challenge was covenant unfaithfulness which had infected the people's attitudes towards God, and how this needed to change in view of future judgment. God used each of these prophets to remind the people of the true King and to reorder their lives and their community in the light of the reality of his coming kingdom. Anthony Petterson offers detailed commentary on these prophetic books, setting them in their wider biblical-theological context. He shows the connections between the post-exilic world and our own, and explains how these books contain a vital message for the church today, living in the gap between promise and reality.
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