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New Age religion and Western culture : esotericism in the mirror of secular thought
During the 1980s, and continuing into the 1990s, there has been much talk in western society about the New Age movement. The term "New Age" has entered the standard vocabulary in discussions about ideas and practices regarded as alternative vis a vis dominant cultural trends, especially if these ideas and practices seem to be concerned with "spirituality". In spite of the popularity of the term, its actual content remains extremely vague. This is largely due to the fact that the New Age is not an organization, which could be unambiguously identified or defined on the basis of self-proclaimed leaders, official doctrines, standard religious practices, and the like. The initial fact about the "New Age" is that it concerns a label attached indiscriminately to whatever seems to fit it, on the basis of what are essentially pre-reflective intuitions. As a result, the New Age means very different things to different people. This observation provides the proper—if sobering—starting point of the present study. My purpose will be to characterize and delineate the New Age movement on the basis of an analysis and interpretation of its implicit structure of beliefs. This seems to presuppose, however, that we already know in advance what it is and, even more important, what it is not. In other words, defining the term "New Age" is a necessary condition for finding out how it may be understood. That this apparent paradox is not insurmountable will be discussed below.
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