Academic
Oxford Handbook of Presbyterianism, The
Outline: Presbyterianism has a rich, robust, resilient history. Since Presbyterianism began in Scotland in the early 1560s, its adherents have spread to Europe, North America, Asia, Africa, Latin America, Australia, and New Zealand. In some locales and ears, Presbyterians have flourished; in others, they have struggles. Today an estimated 35 million Presbyterians live in dozens of countries. The essays in this handbook explain the historical roots and development, challenges and problems, and successes and failures of Presbyterians all over the world. During their history Presbyterians have developed a distinctive theology and style of worship. Presbyterianism emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the election of individuals for salvation and service, and the necessity of continual reform to remain faithful to the Scriptures and to adapt the gospel message to various cultural settings. Presbyterian worship has centered around the preaching of God's word, typically based on the exposition of Scriptural passages, and the celebration of the sacraments of communion and baptism. Differences over doctrine, polity, liturgy, and social issues as well as ethic, racial, class, and gender, regional factors, and personal conflicts have often produced controversy and even schism among Presbyterians. These thirty-four articles cover major facets of Presbyterian history, theological beliefs, worship practices, ecclesiastical forms and structures, as well as important ethical, political, and educational issues. Eschewing parochial and sectarian triumphalism, prominent scholars address their particular topics objectively and judiciously. The Oxford Handbook of Presbyterianism provides an outstanding reference tool written by prominent scholars in the fields of religious studies and history.
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